Search results for "genital diseases"
showing 10 items of 669 documents
Changes in the receptor profile of the lower urinary tract in the aging male
2004
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of th e most common effects of aging in men. Epidemiologists estimate that about one quarter of all men over 50 years of age suffer from BPH-derived voiding symptoms. Future demographic developments, with higher relative shares of older people, will increase the socioeconomic impact of this disease. Polder et al. (1994) calculated for the Netherlands that the treatment costs of BPH will double by 2035. Office visits for BPH related symptoms increased in the USA from 1.4 million in 1990 to 6 million in 1995, reflecting the increased public awareness of the problem and the increased desire for treatment (Kaplan et al. 1996).
Second European Multi-Disciplinary Conference of National Strategies for Chlamydia Trachomatis and Human Papillomavirus (NSCP Conference) in Berlin, …
2013
There is a need for updated guidance on detection, management and surveillance of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Chlamydia, gonorrhoea and syphilis reporting needs to be mandatory in more European countries to aid collection of data. More widespread Chlamydia screening is needed in many countries as this is the only way to reduce complications. The role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) screening in a situation where the prevalence of HPV infection has dropped significantly was also discussed in the context of the high cost of screening, the need for a relatively complex infrastructure, particularly in developing countries, and falling vaccination costs. An integrated HPV vaccination …
Sezernierter Interleukin-2-Rezeptor als Aktivitätsparameter der Sarkoidose*
2008
Serum sIL-2-R levels were measured in 28 sarcoidosis patients at multiple time points before, during, and after therapy, with a mean follow-up time of 10.2 +/- 5.2 months, and the results compared with the clinical activity of the disease. Before therapy, 20 out of 24 episodes with active disease exhibited elevated levels of sIL-2-R (918 +/- 362 U/ml). In inactive disease after tapering off corticoid therapy the sIL-2-R levels were 453 +/- 274 U/ml. Disease activity under therapy also correlated with sIL-2-R serum levels. 23 out of 29 episodes with signs of activity under therapy had elevated sIL-2-R levels (808 +/- 409 U/ml). Only three of 28 patients in whom disease activity ceased after …
PSA and PSA Kinetics Thresholds for the Presence of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT-Detectable Lesions in Patients with Biochemical Recurrent Prostate Cancer
2020
68Ga-PSMA-11 positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is commonly used for restaging recurrent prostate cancer (PC) in European clinical practice. The goal of this study is to determine the optimum time for performing these PET/CT scans in a large cohort of patients by identifying the prostate-specific-antigen (PSA) and PSA kinetics thresholds for detecting and localizing recurrent PC. This retrospective analysis includes 581 patients with biochemical recurrence (BC) by definition. The performance of 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in relation to the PSA value at the scan time as well as PSA kinetics was assessed by the receiver-operating-characteristic-curve (ROC) generated by plottin…
Retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein
2000
Retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein is a rare congenital anomaly in the development of the inferior vena cava. To our knowledge, only one case has been reported in the literature; however, its imaging features have never been described. A 27-year-old male presented with a 1-year history of recurrent right flank pain, dysuria, hematuria, and fever (39 degrees C). Computed tomography and MR venography showed a retroaortic left renal vein joining the left common iliac vein. We present the CT and MR venography findings and discuss their feasibility in showing this congenital anomaly.
Immunoperoxidase Staining of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies of Renal Cell Carcinoma Using Tumor-Specific Monoclonal Antibody
1987
In 30 nephrectomy specimens, fine needle aspiration biopsies (FNAB) were performed both in the tumor and in the macroscopically normal part of the kidney: 18 were well differentiated renal cell carcinoma (RCC), 6 were moderately differentiated RCC, 4 were poorly differentiated RCC, and 2 were oncocytomas. FNAB was also performed in a bone metastasis of RCC. FNAB materials were stained using the immunoperoxidase method with RCC-specific monoclonal antibody and were compared with the staining of frozen sections. In all cases where tumor-antigen expression could be demonstrated in the frozen sections, a FNAB had already proven positive. There were only 2 false-negative cases where sufficient c…
Proteinase-3 mRNA expressed by glomerular epithelial cells correlates with crescent formation in Wegener's granulomatosis
2000
Proteinase-3 mRNA expressed by glomerular epithelial cells correlates with crescent formation in Wegener's granulomatosis. Background Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) is characterized by systemic vasculitis with crescentic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and circulating autoantibodies directed against neutrophil cytoplasmic antigens (ANCA). Proteinase 3 (PR-3), a neutral serine proteinase in neutrophils implicated in the growth control of myeloid cells, has been identified as the target antigen for ANCA in WG. Since the kidneys are frequently involved in WG, we studied the in situ expression of PR-3 by renal parenchymal cells. Methods We assessed the expression of PR-3 in kidney biopsies of 15 patien…
MODULATION OF BLADDER α1-ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR SUBTYPE EXPRESSION BY BLADDER OUTLET OBSTRUCTION
2002
Purpose: α1-Adrenergic receptor (α1AR) antagonists are effective for relieving obstructive and irritative symptoms in patients with bladder outlet obstruction. While the α1aAR is responsible for prostate smooth muscle relaxation and outlet obstruction relief, to our knowledge the mechanisms underlying the relief of irritative symptoms remain to be determined. Therefore, we investigated mechanisms by which bladder α1AR subtypes may be involved in this process.Materials and Methods: We studied 42 rats, including 6 unoperated controls, 17 sham operated controls and 19 obstructed animals. Animals were characterized for baseline voiding pattern, followed by surgical intervention or sham surgery …
Regulation of cell-to-cell communication in non-tumorigenic and malignant human prostate epithelial cells.
2002
BACKGROUND Gap-junction-mediated intercellular communication (GJIC) is required for normal development and tissue homeostasis. However, the role of GJIC in human prostate carcinogenesis and progression remains ill-defined. METHODS The ability of hormones, anti-hormones, and the anti-hypertensive drug, forskolin, to restore GJIC in non-tumorigenic (RWPE-1 and PWR-1E) and malignant (RWPE-2, LNCaP, DU-145) human prostate epithelial cell lines, was examined by Scrape-Loading/Dye Transfer (SL/DT) and Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching (FRAP) methods using an Ultima laser cytometer. RESULTS Results from both assays show that PWR-1E, RWPE-2, LNCaP, and DU-145 cells have weak or absent GJIC…
Therapeutic targets for overactive bladder other than smooth muscle
2015
For a long time, our concepts of regulation of urinary bladder function in health and disease as well as of the target structures of therapeutics have focused on detrusor smooth muscle cells. However, other structures including urothelium, afferent nerves and bladder blood vessels may also be important in pathophysiology and its treatment.Based on a selective review of literature, we discuss the role of urothelium, afferent nerve fibers and bladder blood vessels in bladder pathophysiology and as targets for treatment.There is solid evidence now that multiple anatomical structures within the urinary bladder contribute to the regulation of its function and hence may be targets for established…